How Alcohol Affects the Central Nervous System WisdomCard

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Research Notes on How Alcohol Affects the Central Nervous System


Alcohol can affect several parts of the brain, but in general, alcohol contracts brain tissue and depresses the central nervous system. When alcohol reaches the brain, it interferes with communication between nerve cells, by interacting with the receptors on some cells.1 The alcohol suppresses excitatory nerve pathway activity and increases inhibitory nerve pathway activity. Among other actions, alcohol enhances the effects of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA. Enhancing an inhibitor has the effect of making a person sluggish. Also, alcohol weakens the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamine, which enhances the sluggishness even farther.2

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Research Notes References

  1. ScienceDaily: Alcohol's Effects On Gene Expression In The Central Nervous System (Feb. 25, 2005)
  2. KidsHealth: Alcohol

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