Cranial Nerves WisdomCard

Our Guides and Physician Review team have organized the Top 10 Health Resources on Cranial Nerves and compiled helpful research notes below.


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Research Notes on Cranial Nerves


There are twelve cranial nerves that originate on the underside of the brain. Each cranial nerve innervates various muscles of the face and neck, controlling motor and sensory functions such as sight, hearing, smell and taste.1

Fast Facts:

  • The cranial nerves are numbered I-XII:

I. Olfactory, II. Optic, III. Oculomotor, IV. Trochlear, V. Trigeminal, VI. Abducens, VII. Facial, VIII. Vestibulocochlear, IX. Glossopharyngeal, X. Vagus, XII. Spinal accessory and XII. Hypoglossal

  • All cranial nerves arise from the brain stem with the exception of CN I (olfactory nerve) and CN II (optic nerve).2
  • Patients are asked to perform tasks during a neurological exam to determine any possible cranial nerve disorder or injury.3

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Research Notes References

  1. Wikipedia: Cranial Nerves
  2. Multiple Sclerosis Encyclopedia: Cranial Nerves
  3. Merck Manuals: Cranial Nerve Disorders

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